Python Crawler Proxy IP Configuration Tutorial | Code Samples + Automatic Rotation Anti-Blocking

First, why does your crawler need a proxy IP?

When you are running a crawler program, you will often encounter situations where the target website blocks the IP. This is because most websites have an anti-crawl mechanism, when detecting theHigh frequency access from the same IPThe restriction is triggered when In this case, using the proxy IP service provided by ipipgo will allow you to break through this restriction by changing to a different IP address.

As an example: suppose you are collecting e-commerce data and using real IPs for every request, you may be blocked in less than half an hour. And using ipipgo'sDynamic Residential IP PoolThe real user IPs in different regions are automatically switched for each request, which can effectively simulate real user behavior.

Second, Python crawler configuration proxy IP 3 ways

Here is an example of three common configuration methods for the requests library:

proxies = {'http': 'http://用户名:密码@ipipgo proxy address:port'}
requests.get(url, proxies=proxies)

session = requests.Session()
session.proxies.update({'https': 'https://代理地址'})
session.get(url)

import random
proxy_list = ipipgo.get_proxies() Get IP pool from ipipgo
proxy = random.choice(proxy_list)
requests.get(url, proxies={'http': proxy})

Third, the automatic rotation of IP anti-blocking practical skills

Configuring a proxy alone is not enough, you need to use these tips in conjunction:

1. Intelligent switching strategy: It is recommended to change the IP every 5-10 requests, or switch automatically according to the response status code. When encountering 403/503 errors, immediately change to a new IP address.

def get_with_retry(url):
    for _ in range(3):
        proxy = get_proxy() get new IP from ipipgo
        try.
            res = requests.get(url, proxies=proxy, timeout=10)
            if res.status_code == 200:: if res.status_code == 200: if res.status_code == 200
                return res
        except.
            mark_bad_proxy(proxy) mark failed IPs
    return None

2. Request header randomization: Synchronize User-Agent change every time you change IP, we recommend using fake_useragent library to generate random browser logos.

IV. Proxy IP maintenance and optimization

Pay attention to these details when using the ipipgo proxy service:

- optionHigh Stash Agent Model(recommend ipipgo's residential proxy) to avoid X-Forwarded-For header leaks real IPs
- Set a reasonable timeout (8-15 seconds is recommended) to avoid the program jamming due to slow response.
- Regularly clean up invalid IPs, and it is recommended to verify IP availability automatically every hour.

V. Frequently asked questions

Q: What should I do if my proxy IP connection is slow?
A: Prioritize the use of ipipgo provided by theGeographic proximityproxy node, for example, if the target web server is in Tokyo, choose a Japanese proxy IP.

Q: How do I test if the proxy is working?
A: Visit http://httpbin.org/ip and compare the returned IP address for changes. It is recommended to add auto-detection logic in the code.

Q: What should I do if I encounter a CAPTCHA code?
A: This situation needs to be coupled with a reduction in the frequency of requests, using ipipgo'sLong-Term Session AgentsKeep logged in and integrate a CAPTCHA module if necessary.

By reasonably configuring ipipgo's proxy IP service and combining it with the intelligent rotation strategy, the stability of the crawler and the efficiency of data collection can be significantly improved. It is recommended to start with the dynamic IP pool and adjust the switching strategy and request parameters according to the actual demand.