Proxy IP and Scrapy Integration | Scrapy Middleware Auto IP Change Code

I. Why use proxy IPs in Scrapy projects?

Friends who do data collection have encountered the situation of website anti-crawl. When we use the same IP to request frequently, the target website may directly block the IP, resulting in the collection task interrupted. At this timeProxy IPs are like spare keys, each time a different key is requested, the site doesn't recognize that the same person is operating it.

Take the e-commerce platform as an example, suppose you want to collect commodity price changes. If you use real IP to access continuously, the access may be restricted in less than half an hour. However, through ipipgo's residential proxy IP pool, each request automatically switches between real home network IPs in different regions, and the collection success rate can be increased by more than 80%.

Second, Scrapy middleware how to realize automatic IP change

The Scrapy framework has aDownloader Middlewaremechanism is just right for IP rotation. We can use the middleware to assign a different proxy IP to each request before the request is sent.

Here's a key point:Management of dynamic IP pools. Taking ipipgo's service as an example, their API supports getting the latest available IPs on demand, which is especially useful for scenarios that require frequent IP changes. Here is the core code snippet:

class ProxyMiddleware.
    def __init__(self, api_url).
        self.api_url = api_url ipipgo's API address

    def get_new_ip(self): response = requests.get(self.api_url).
        response = requests.get(self.api_url)
        return f "http://{response.text}"

    def process_request(self, request, spider):
        request.meta['proxy'] = self.get_new_ip()
         Set the request timeout
        request.meta['download_timeout'] = 15

Third, the actual configuration of four steps

The specific landing is in four steps:

focus onException handling mechanism: When a proxy IP fails, you should immediately replace it with a new one and retry the request. ipipgo's IP availability is as high as 99%, but adding a retry mechanism would be safer.

IV. Frequently asked questions

Q：How to switch the proxy IP automatically when it is invalid?
A: Catch Timeout exception in the middleware to trigger the logic of reacquiring IP. It is recommended to work with ipipgo's smart routing feature to automatically exclude failed nodes.

Q: How to choose between dynamic IP and static IP?
A: Dynamic IP for high-frequency collection (changing hundreds of times per hour) and static IP for long-term monitoring (keeping the same IP for hours). ipipgo supports both types.

Q: Do I need to maintain my own IP pool?
A: Not at all. ipipgo's API automatically assigns available IPs, and their residential IP pool covers over 240 countries, with each IP verified by a real person's home network.

V. Advanced skills

If you want to do distributed crawling, you can combine theIP geolocationFunctions. For example, when collecting geographic content, you can specify the proxy IP of the corresponding region to be used. ipipgo's IP database is accurate down to the city level, which is especially useful for scenarios where you need to simulate the geography of real users.

Another practical tip is toRequest Frequency Adaptation: Dynamically adjust the frequency of IP replacement according to the strength of the website's anti-crawl. When a large number of requests fail, automatically increase the speed of IP replacement, this mechanism with ipipgo's massive IP pool has the best effect.