Rotation of IP proxies: automatic switching settings method to improve the efficiency of the crawler program

What exactly is the point of rotating IP proxies?

Brothers engaged in crawling should understand that the website anti-climbing mechanism is like velvet candy can not be shaken off. The front foot just grabbed a few hundred pieces of data, the back foot IP will be blacklisted. If you use a fixed IP at this time, it is basically the same as looking for death. Rotation of IP proxy to put it bluntly isLet the crawler learn to fight guerrilla warfare, changing vests with each request to keep the anti-crawl system in check.

To give a real example: there is a price comparison website old man, with a single IP to catch the e-commerce data, half an hour was blocked. Later changed to automatically switch IP every minute, running for three days without problems. The difference is just like riding a bicycle on the highway and driving an armored car to break into the customs, not at all an order of magnitude.

A wildly practical approach to automatic switching

Don't get all those fancy frameworks, let's go directly to Python's requests library + random agent pool. The key is two things:Dynamic IP acquisitionrespond in singingException Retry Mechanism. Here is a demo with ipipgo's API, after all, his interface is really responsive:

import requests
from random import choice

def get_ipipgo_proxy():
     Fill in your own API key here
    api_url = "https://api.ipipgo.com/get?key=你的密钥&format=json"
    resp = requests.get(api_url).json()
    return f"{resp['protocol']}://{resp['ip']}:{resp['port']}"

proxies = {
    'http': get_ipipgo_proxy(),
    'https': get_ipipgo_proxy()
}

try.
    response = requests.get('destination URL', proxies=proxies, timeout=10)
except Exception as e.
    print(f "Current IP hangs: {proxies}")
     Automatically retry with a new IP
    proxies = {k:get_ipipgo_proxy() for k in proxies.keys()}

Watch this.timeout parameterNever save! Some of the failing agents will jam the whole program, so setting a 10-second timeout can be a lifesaver. If you're using the scrapy framework, it's safer to add a retry middleware to your middleware.

There is a way to screen IP quality

You can't just grab any IP and use it, you have to look at these hard indicators:

It is recommended to add aIP pre-screening sessionThe new IPs will have to go through these three hurdles before they can be added to the database. If you use ipipgo, you can directly select the regional parameters, for example, to catch the U.S. site on the designated U.S. West static residential IP, the success rate can be much higher.

QA time (Frequently Asked Questions demining)

Q: Obviously changed IP or still blocked?
A: 80% of the request header is not processed cleanly, remember to User-Agent, Cookie these characteristics of the value are randomly changed. Use fake_useragent library can automatically generate different browser logos.

Q: What should I do if I can't connect to the proxy IP often?
A: Priority is given to proxies that support the Socks5 protocol, which has a stronger penetration capability than HTTP. ipipgo's enterprise version of the dynamic proxy comes with a disconnect and reconnect mechanism, which is suitable for scenarios that require long-term hang-ups.

Q: How do I choose a package with a limited budget?
A: Grab public data with dynamic standard version ($7.67/GB), need high stability static residential ($35/IP). If you do cross-border e-commerce such high-value business, directly on the TK line, although more expensive but worry.

What is so strong about ipipgo?

Having used seven or eight agency services, this one does have something. The most intuitive feeling isThe IP pool is updated fast enoughThe first is their Dynamic Residential Proxy, which is a fresh IP each time it is extracted, and the other is a unique feature - support forprotocol mixingThe anti-climbing system is more difficult to recognize that you can randomly switch between HTTP and Socks5 in the same task.

The pricing is friendly to small and medium-sized developers, especiallyDynamic Standard EditionIt supports per-volume billing. Previously took a short-term crawler project, with their 35 yuan package to get it done, if you change the other at least have to buy a monthly service. Recently the newCloud Server Binding FunctionIt's also quite practical to write the proxy configuration directly to the server environment variable, doubling the deployment efficiency.

Finally, to tell the truth, the choice of agency services is like looking for a date, just look at the price is easy to step on the pit. The key is to look atQuality of IP resourcesrespond in singingTechnical service responsiveness, these two points ipipgo really took the cake. Especially the fact that their customer service is able to resolve technical issues within 10 minutes, which is a lifesaver for brothers who are rushing their projects.