IPIPGO ip proxy Setting up dynamic IP proxy pools in scrapy: crawler anti-blocking strategy in practice

Setting up dynamic IP proxy pools in scrapy: crawler anti-blocking strategy in practice

手把手教你用Scrapy搞个会变脸的IP池 搞爬虫的老铁们肯定都遇到过403、封IP这些破事吧?今天咱们就唠唠怎么给Scrapy整上会自己换脸的IP代理池。这招用好了,网站的反爬系统就跟瞎子似的,根本抓不住你的小尾…

Setting up dynamic IP proxy pools in scrapy: crawler anti-blocking strategy in practice

手把手教你用Scrapy搞个会变脸的IP池

搞爬虫的老铁们肯定都遇到过403、封IP这些破事吧?今天咱们就唠唠怎么给Scrapy整上会自己换脸的IP代理池。这招用好了,网站的反爬系统就跟瞎子似的,根本抓不住你的小尾巴。

为啥非得用动态IP?

举个栗子,你连续用同一个IP疯狂请求网站,就像戴着同一张面具去银行柜台取钱,保安不逮你逮谁?动态IP池就是准备了一抽屉面具,每次出门随机换一张。ipipgo的动态住宅代理有Over 90 million real home IPs,全球220多个国家随便挑,这不比固定IP香?

Real-world configuration tutorial

在Scrapy里搞动态代理,主要得折腾中间件。咱们先装个随机切换的轮子:


 middlewares.py
import random

class RotateProxyMiddleware:
    def __init__(self, proxy_list):
        self.proxies = proxy_list

    @classmethod
    def from_crawler(cls, crawler):
         这里从ipipgo的API获取最新代理列表
        return cls(proxy_list=['http://user:pass@ip1:port', 'http://user:pass@ip2:port'])

    def process_request(self, request, spider):
        request.meta['proxy'] = random.choice(self.proxies)

记得在settings.py里激活这个中间件,建议把重试次数调到3次以上,遇到失效IP自动换。ipipgo的API支持按秒级更新IP池,比那些半天更新一次的靠谱多了。

Guide to avoiding the pit (QA)

Q: What should I do if my proxy IP always fails?
A:检查下IP存活机制,ipipgo的企业版套餐支持sticky session,能保持IP有效30分钟。要是用标准版,建议设置每5分钟自动刷新IP池。

Q: Slow as a snail?
A:八成是用了跨国的节点,试试ipipgo的City-level positioning功能。比如爬美国网站,直接指定洛杉矶的住宅IP,延迟能压到200ms以内。

怎么挑代理服务商?

typology Applicable Scenarios Recommended Packages
Dynamic Residential High Frequency Data Acquisition ipipgo Dynamic Enterprise
Static homes Long-term monitoring missions ipipgo静态套餐

Focus on three indicators:IP池大小、地理位置精度、协议支持。像ipipgo这种同时支持HTTP/SOCKS5协议的,能适配各种奇葩网站。他们家的per-traffic billing模式也实在,不像某些平台必须包月。

Say something from the heart.

其实吧,防封这事就是个猫鼠游戏。关键得Imitation of a real person:随机休眠时间+随机UA+动态IP三件套。用过五六个代理服务商,ipipgo的Failure Retry Mechanism确实省心,上次双十一抢数据,10万请求才封了3个IP。

最后提醒新手:别贪便宜用免费代理,那些IP早被网站拉黑名单了。正规做项目的话,ipipgo的Enterprise-class dynamic IP pooling日均成本也就两杯奶茶钱,数据安全可比奶茶重要多了。

This article was originally published or organized by ipipgo.https://www.ipipgo.com/en-us/ipdaili/48188.html

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