Crawler http proxy ip: Python data collection IP pool configuration tutorials

First, why is your crawler always blocked? First understand the role of proxy IP

Crawler brothers understand that hard-written code runs suddenly403 ForbiddenSmash face, it feels like a cooked duck flew. Many newbies think that adding a random UA will be able to muddle through, in fact, now the site anti-climbing mechanism has been upgraded to theIP tracking levelImagine the same IP address requesting data 24 hours a day. Imagine, the same IP address 24 hours a day non-stop request for data, just like the same person every day squatting in front of the supermarket to read the price list, the security guards do not catch you catch who?

That's when it's time toproxy IP poolto be a stand-in actor. Each request for a different IP address, the equivalent of letting the site think that there are countless ordinary users browsing. It's like playing a game of chicken with a stealth plug-in (of course, we are legally compliant), so that the target site can not feel your real movements.

Second, hand with the agent pool: Python four steps to combat

Here's one.Low-threshold program, which can be built quickly with the requests library + ipipgo's API:

1. Access to reliable sources of representation

At the beginning of the code first import ipipgo's residential agent interface, their homeDynamic Residential IPIt works. Don't use those free proxies, they are slow as a snail and can lead you into a hole.

import requests
api_url = "https://api.ipipgo.com/dynamic" dynamic residential IP interface

2. Encapsulating a smart requester

Put a shell on the requests and automatically change them every time (change IP):

def smart_request(url).
    proxy = {"http": api_url, "https": api_url}
    headers = {"User-Agent": "Random UA added by myself"}
    try.
        return requests.get(url, proxies=proxy, headers=headers, timeout=10)
    except Exception as e.
        print(f "This time the IP is probably dead: {e}")
        return None

3. IP health screening is not an option

fixIP blacklisting mechanismIf you encounter slow response or invalid IPs, just pull the plug:

bad_ips = set()

def is_good_ip(ip).
    test_url = "http://httpbin.org/ip"
    try.
        res = requests.get(test_url, proxies={"http":ip}, timeout=5)
        return res.json()['origin'] == ip.split("@")[-1])
    except.
        bad_ips.add(ip)
        return False

4. Get a cycle harvester

RecommendedMulti-threading + QueuesThe combination is more than an order of magnitude more efficient than a single thread:

from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor

def crawl_task(url_queue): while not url_queue.empty(): while not url_queue.empty()
    while not url_queue.empty(): url = url_queue.get().
        url = url_queue.get()
        response = smart_request(url)
         Write your data processing logic here
        url_queue.task_done()

Third, avoid these pits and take the road less traveled for three years

Pit 1: IP switching too often
Some brothers hate to cut 10 IPs per second, which results in triggering platformsfrequency alertThe following is a suggestion to adjust the interval according to the characteristics of the target website. It is recommended to adjust according to the characteristics of the target site, e-commerce class interval of 3-5 seconds, information class 1-2 seconds is enough.

Pit 2: Ignoring protocol matching
I've seen newbies hardwire socks5 proxies into the http parameters and end up blaming the service provider when they can't connect. Use ipipgo'sFull Protocol SupportWhen you pay attention to the interface type, their documentation is very clear.

Pit 3: Dead set on a single regional IP
For example, if you collect weather data from a certain place, it's unusual to use all local IPs. Mix in some other regional IPs for more realism, ipipgo's240+ country librariesThat's when it comes in handy.

IV. First aid kit for common problems

Q: What should I do if the proxy IP suddenly fails collectively?
A: First check if the account authorization is correct, then use ipipgo'sIntelligent Route SwitchingFunction. Their nodes have an automatic failover mechanism, which saves you from manually changing IPs.

Q: How can I tell if I should use a dynamic or static IP?
A: need to maintain the session for a long time (such as login state) with static IP, regular collection with dynamic. ipipgo two types can bemix, a parameter in the API toggles it.

Q: What should I do if I encounter an SSL certificate error?
A: The probability is that the proxy environment is not properly configured. Addverify=FalseJust a temporary solution, it is recommended to check if the port configuration of ipipgo is correct.

V. Black technology that makes code smarter

Advanced players can playFlow Fingerprinting Simulation: Make requests more like real browsers by adjusting parameters like TCP window size, SSL fingerprinting, etc. In conjunction with ipipgo'sResidential IP network environment, can effectively bypass advanced anti-climbing systems.

As a final reminder, picking an agency service depends onIP purity. Some service providers sell data center IPs as residential IPs. ipipgo'sHome Broadband IP ResourcesThe actual pass rate can get above 98%, which is hard power.